ICM
What Does ICM Mean in Poker?
ICM (Independent Chip Model) is a mathematical model used in online poker to calculate a player’s equity in a tournament based on their chip count relative to the total chips in play and the remaining prize distribution. It helps players make strategic decisions by evaluating the potential value of their chips without considering future game dynamics.
When You Might Hear Or Use The Term ICM
ICM is frequently mentioned during discussions about tournament strategy, especially around bubble situations where making the money is at stake, or during final table negotiations for a prize chop.
In-Game Example
Imagine you are on the bubble of a tournament, with 10 players left and only 9 getting paid. You hold a medium stack, and you’re considering whether to call an all-in from a short stack. ICM calculations can help you determine if the risk of busting is worth the potential chip gain versus the prize money jump from just folding into the money.
Strategy / Tips
Best Practice: Use ICM to guide decisions in high-pressure spots, particularly near pay jumps.
Common Mistake: Ignoring ICM pressure and taking unnecessary risks that could result in busting before a significant payout.
Pro Tips: Advanced players use ICM to exploit opponents who are overly concerned with survival, by applying pressure when they are likely to fold.
Differences Playing Over The Table vs Online
While ICM principles remain the same, online players might rely more on software for precise calculations, whereas live players often estimate ICM pressure based on experience and intuition.
Alternative Names
ICM is sometimes referred to simply as “chip equity model” in casual conversation.
FAQs
Q: How does ICM affect tournament play?
A: ICM affects decision-making by emphasizing chip preservation over chip accumulation, especially when nearing significant pay jumps.
Q: Can ICM be used in cash games?
A: No, ICM is specific to tournaments as it involves prize distribution, which does not exist in cash games.
